Buying a used car is a wise money move, but it is not without risk. That's why a used car test drive checklist is a must to ensure you're getting the best out of your investment. A thorough test drive will reveal some faults that a hurried inspection of the car won't catch.

Whether buying from a dealer or individual owner, this is the book that will walk you through all you'll want to know everything from preparing for the test drive to evaluating the car's performance and condition like a pro.

Pre-Test Drive: Do Your Homework

Before you even drive, a bit of planning can get you a long way. Research the make and model of the car you want. Know its common issues, its fuel efficiency, resale value, and maintenance history. Jot down some notes in a notebook or even on your phone.

Pre-drive checklist:

Request the vehicle history report (Carfax or AutoCheck)

Inspect for any apparent damage or rust

Check fluid levels: oil, brake, coolant, and transmission

Inspect tires for wear and even tread

Inspect all lights, wipers, and indicators

First Impressions Matter

When you sit in the car, pay attention to how it feels. Does the driver's seat move up and down normally? Are the controls simple to operate? What does the cabin smell like? Unusual smells like mildew, burning oil, or strong air fresheners could be signs of more serious problems.

Interior checklist

Test power windows, locks, and mirrors

Check air conditioning and heater

Listen to the radio and sound system

Inspect upholstery and carpets for stains or wear

Open and close all doors, trunk, and hood easily

These may seem like small details, but they all add up to how much you’ll enjoy—or regret owning the vehicle.

Engine Start-Up: Listen and Look

When you turn the key and start the engine, or press the start button, listen up. The engine should start smoothly and settle into a smooth idle. Loud clunking, over vibration, or warning lights on the dashboard are warning signs.

Engine bay checklist:

No abnormal noises on startup

No excessive exhaust smoke (blue, black, or white)

Smooth idling of the engine

Dashboard lights (check engine, ABS, etc.) turn off as they should

Even if the car drives fine during your short test, strange sounds could signal issues that cost thousands to repair.

During the Drive: Get a Feel for the Road

This is where the used car test drive checklist really comes into play. Your goal is to simulate real-world conditions: city traffic, open roads, and even a few bumps or curves if possible.

Driving checklist:

Smooth acceleration and responsive throttle

Shifts smoothly (auto or manual)

Steers smoothly, without pulling or shake

Works brakes smoothly, without squeaking or grinding

Suspends properly over bumps and corners

Warning lights on the dashboard off

Cruise control, park sensors, etc., work

Take the car to various speeds, including highways where possible. Drive parking, reversing, and turning in tight spots. These operations reveal the handling and visibility of the car.

After the Drive: Final Impressions

After the drive, don't just hand over the keys and walk away. Take a moment or two reflecting on your experience and double-check.

Post-drive checklist:

Check for leaks beneath the car

Breathe for burning oil or coolant

Test tire temperature (should be symmetrical)

Double-check how comfortable you felt while driving

Look back at your photos and notes

This wrap-up time is often glossed over, but it puts things into perspective. If something doesn't sit right with you, listen to your gut it's better to walk away than to have a lemon.

Bonus Tips: Stay Sharp, Ask Questions

Salespeople, especially at used car lots, are smooth-talking. Don't let anyone bully you into a quick decision. It's your prerogative to ask questions, request paperwork, or even have a mechanic accompany you for a second opinion.

Questions to ask the seller:

Why are you selling the vehicle?

Has it ever been in an accident?

Do you have records of service and maintenance?

When were the brakes, tires, and battery last replaced?

Is the title in hand and clean?

Also, have them consider asking for a mechanic's inspection, if the vehicle survives your own test drive. It will be $50–$100, but it could save you thousands.

When to Walk Away

A used car does not have to be perfect, but some things are not negotiable. These are some of the red flags that will have you bailing:

The seller refuses to accept a mechanic's inspection

There's no documentation or dirty vehicle history

You hear knocking sounds or lots of smoke

The title is salvaged or has a lien

The seller is pushy or secretive about questions

Just remember, there are a lot of cars out there. Don't get too fixated on one too early if it has signs of significant problems.

Smart Driving Decisions

A used car test drive checklist is not to be taken lightly—it's your best defense against shelling out a small fortune for the wrong car. With so many parts moving around inside a vehicle, test driving lets you find out the entire story behind the gleaming paint job.

Whether you're buying your first car, replacing an old one, or upgrading on a tight budget, don't rush and keep your head. Follow this checklist, ask smart questions, and don't be afraid to say no if something doesn't sit right with you.