1-Chlorobutane is an alkyl halide with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3Cl. It is a colorless, flammable liquid.
It can be prepared from 1-butanol by treatment with hydrogen chloride.[4]

It reacts with lithium metal to give n-butyllithium:[5]

2 Li + CH3(CH2)3Cl → CH3(CH2)3Li + LiCl
1-Chlorobutane is an isomer of chlorobutane.[1] It undergoes stoichiometric and catalytic dehydrochlorination on reacting with nanocrystalline MgO (magnesium oxide) to generate isomers of butene.[2] Viscosities of the binary mixtures of pentyl acetate and 1-chlorobutane and 1-chlorobutane and acetonitrile has been studied. This study helps in better understanding of cosolvency in polymer system.
1-Chlorobutane may be used in the synthesis of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM][HSO4]).
1-Chlorobutane is used as intermediates and solvents. It is used for HPLC, spectrophotometry and environmental testing. It is used as an alkylating reagent.